Harvard Case - City Year: National Expansion Strategy (A)
"City Year: National Expansion Strategy (A)" Harvard business case study is written by Jeffrey L. Bradach, Nicole Sackley. It deals with the challenges in the field of Organizational Behavior. The case study is 21 page(s) long and it was first published on : Dec 21, 1995
At Fern Fort University, we recommend City Year adopt a phased national expansion strategy focused on replicating its successful model in high-need urban areas while prioritizing organizational culture and talent management. This approach will involve a careful selection of expansion cities, a robust recruitment and training program, and a commitment to fostering a strong organizational culture that supports diversity, inclusion, and employee engagement.
2. Background
City Year is a non-profit organization dedicated to improving the lives of young people by providing them with mentors and support in under-resourced schools. The organization has a proven track record of success in Boston and other cities, demonstrating a positive impact on student outcomes and community engagement. However, City Year faces the challenge of scaling its operations while maintaining its core values and ensuring the quality of its programs.
The main protagonists in this case are:
- Michael Brown: CEO of City Year, tasked with leading the organization's national expansion.
- The City Year Board of Directors: Responsible for providing strategic guidance and oversight.
- The City Year staff: Dedicated to delivering high-quality programs and supporting students.
- The potential expansion cities: Communities with high needs and potential for City Year's impact.
3. Analysis of the Case Study
This case study can be analyzed through the lens of several frameworks, including:
- Organizational Behavior: City Year's success relies on its strong organizational culture, characterized by a shared mission, values, and commitment to social impact. This culture fosters employee engagement, teamwork, and a sense of purpose.
- Leadership: Michael Brown's leadership style is crucial to guiding City Year's growth. He needs to balance the need for expansion with the preservation of the organization's core values and culture.
- Change Management: City Year's national expansion will require a careful and strategic approach to managing change. This includes communicating the vision clearly, addressing employee concerns, and providing adequate support during the transition.
- Human Resource Management: City Year's expansion will heavily rely on its ability to attract, recruit, and retain talented individuals. This requires a robust talent management strategy, including effective recruitment, training, and development programs.
- Corporate Strategy: City Year's expansion strategy should align with its mission, vision, and long-term goals. This involves identifying target markets, developing a sustainable funding model, and ensuring the scalability of its programs.
4. Recommendations
Phase 1: Strategic Planning and Pilot Program
- Identify Target Cities: Conduct a thorough analysis of potential expansion cities based on factors like poverty rates, school performance, community needs, and potential for partnerships. Prioritize cities with a strong alignment with City Year's mission and a supportive local environment.
- Develop a Pilot Program: Implement a pilot program in one or two selected cities to test the feasibility and effectiveness of the expansion model. This pilot should focus on replicating City Year's successful program while adapting to the specific needs of the new location.
- Build Local Partnerships: Establish strong partnerships with local schools, community organizations, and funders to ensure the success of the pilot program and future expansion.
- Refine Expansion Strategy: Analyze the results of the pilot program to identify areas for improvement and refine the expansion strategy based on learnings.
Phase 2: National Expansion
- Phased Rollout: Implement a phased rollout of City Year programs in selected cities, starting with those demonstrating the highest potential for impact and sustainability.
- Recruit and Train Staff: Develop a robust recruitment and training program to attract and develop talented individuals who align with City Year's values and mission. This program should include comprehensive onboarding, ongoing professional development, and opportunities for leadership development.
- Foster a Strong Organizational Culture: Continuously reinforce City Year's core values and culture across all locations. This includes promoting diversity and inclusion, fostering open communication, and creating a supportive work environment.
- Develop a Sustainable Funding Model: Diversify funding sources to ensure the long-term sustainability of City Year's national operations. This may involve exploring new partnerships, expanding fundraising efforts, and seeking government grants.
5. Basis of Recommendations
These recommendations are based on the following considerations:
- Core competencies and consistency with mission: The recommendations focus on replicating City Year's successful model while adapting to local needs, ensuring consistency with its core mission and values.
- External customers and internal clients: The recommendations prioritize the needs of students, schools, and communities while ensuring the well-being and engagement of City Year staff.
- Competitors: The recommendations consider the competitive landscape and identify opportunities to differentiate City Year's programs and services.
- Attractiveness: The recommendations prioritize sustainable growth and financial viability, considering factors like cost-effectiveness, return on investment, and long-term sustainability.
6. Conclusion
City Year's national expansion presents a significant opportunity to positively impact the lives of more young people. By adopting a phased approach, prioritizing organizational culture and talent management, and leveraging its proven model, City Year can achieve sustainable growth while maintaining its core values and ensuring the quality of its programs.
7. Discussion
Alternatives:
- Rapid Expansion: A rapid expansion strategy could lead to a faster reach but may compromise program quality and organizational culture.
- Franchising Model: While potentially attractive for rapid growth, franchising could dilute City Year's brand and compromise its core values.
Risks:
- Cultural Mismatch: Failure to adapt to local cultures and needs could hinder program effectiveness.
- Talent Acquisition: Difficulty in attracting and retaining qualified staff could impact program quality.
- Financial Sustainability: Inadequate funding could hinder expansion efforts and program sustainability.
Assumptions:
- City Year's model is scalable and adaptable to different locations.
- There is sufficient demand for City Year's programs in target cities.
- City Year can secure adequate funding to support its expansion.
8. Next Steps
- Form a National Expansion Task Force: Assemble a cross-functional team to oversee the implementation of the expansion strategy.
- Conduct a Comprehensive Market Analysis: Identify target cities and assess their potential for impact and sustainability.
- Develop a Pilot Program: Implement a pilot program in one or two selected cities to test the expansion model.
- Secure Funding: Develop a comprehensive funding strategy to support the expansion effort.
- Recruit and Train Staff: Establish a robust recruitment and training program to ensure the quality of staff in new locations.
By following these recommendations and implementing a phased approach, City Year can successfully expand its operations while maintaining its core values and ensuring a positive impact on the lives of young people across the country.
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Case Description
City Year, a successful nonprofit organization, is studying how, when, and where to expand to new sites. This case provides the opportunity to understand the strategy and structure of a successful delivery system for human services. That analysis raises the question of how best to expand to new sites, highlighting classic challenges faced by entrepreneurial enterprises seeking to grow.
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